Thursday, August 27, 2020

How far does the British state conform to, or depart from, the ideal Essay

How far does the British state fit in with, or leave from, the perfect of an undertaking relationship, rather than a common affiliation - Essay Example The Marxist translation of Colonialism will be our place of takeoff, because of its logical legitimacy in our estimation. From that point, the Marxist angle misfortunes its importance for our paper as it will in general hold fast to a meta-investigative viewpoint and will in general be clichã ©d, without a prescient quality, while the paper requires to concentrate on British Colonialism and its opposite effect on the state structure of Britain. To fascilitate our contention we have appropriated and obtained David Easton’s Systems’ Approach to appreciate the multifaceted nature of the opposite collaboration in center. From that point we will advance our contention by alluding to the valuable order of Hanrieder to exhibit that how provincial interests eventually formed the British state at the institutional level. Extraordinary Britain was a generally late contestant on the world stage as a pioneer power. The Spanish and Portuguese seaborne domains went before Britain. These frontier domains were based on the key part of oceanic force and ensuing provincial acquisitions. The strength of Iberian Peninsula kept going generally till late sixteenth century (Brewer.1989). This was what the Marxist call ‘Mercantile Period’. England as a commercial state second to none started to command world provincial framework before sixteenth Century's over. One explanation behind development of Britain’s strength was that the ‘industrial unrest had fixated on Britain, in this way requiring a â€Å"organization of creation and accumulation†, intended to fascilitate a dealer entrepreneur economy, searching for crude material, modest work and markets for completed products’ ( Luxemberg.1951). Britain’s pilgrim development was moved by the rising needs of an incipient political economy which required provinces. Along these lines at the start of this age, British State outfitted itself to colonize and gain domains to protect the interests of a commercial state, subsequently as a conclusion nearly sanctifying standard of facilitated commerce and

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Personal Financial Plan Free Essays

Individual Financial Plan Part 5 Sheri Mulder Personal Finance Age 30 Establish great credit and stay away from over the top obligation Invest forcefully for retirement Buy a first home and fabricate value Make a will and wellbeing mandates Age 30-45 Create a domain plan. Purchase satisfactory life and incapacity protection. Continue contributing however much as could reasonably be expected. We will compose a custom exposition test on Individual Financial Plan or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Put something aside for children’s school. Age 45-65 Leverage top gaining a very long time to manufacture money related security. Move retirement reserve funds as important. Survey home plans consistently as resources develop and to reflect changing life conditions. Age 65 and past Properly rebalance resources for oversee chance. Make a move to limit domain burdens and encourage riches move to relatives. Ensure medical coverage is satisfactory. What was utilized to help set up the individual budgetary arrangement was a site that had a case of a money related arrangement considering life-stage changes. The model was useful in light of the fact that it indicated various ages of an individual’s life and what ought to be finished during those stages. The model was useful to utilize on the grounds that the model is fundamentally the same as the circumstance and way of life changes that are turning into an issue. The money related assets that would be utilized to help settle on monetary choices is get an advance from the bank for a home loan. Taking out a bank advance would possibly be utilized if there was a lot of cash required and there was insufficient set aside to utilize. It is essential to have a savings to count on if there should arise an occurrence of crises so an individual doesn't need to utilize money related assets to get that person out a crisis circumstance. Transient Goals Finishing school Increasing investment account Purchasing another vehicle Reducing high premium obligation Buy extra security Make plans for retirement Middle of the road Term Goals Paying off costly obligation Creating a backup stash to cover a year of costs Buying another vehicle Taking uncommon excursion Long-Term Goals Own a home liberated from contract installments Own a getaway home in the mountains some place remote Accumulate enough assets to not need to work, however perhaps something low maintenance in the event that I get exhausted My own hazard resistance is exceptionally moderate at this present snapshot of life. Despite the fact that my time skyline has numerous years to contribute, at this moment the benefit level isn't sufficiently high to have particularly left to contribute. My hazard olerance is additionally moderate as a result of absence of experience and information on contributing. Later on when there is a higher resource level, there could be a chance of recruiting an expert to help with a speculation. My time skyline impacts my money related arrangement in view of how long that there is left before retiremen t. The quantity of years that an individual has before retirement is critical to decide how to put away and set aside cash. When of graduation, there ought to be near forty years to take on unsafe speculations. There will likewise be forty years to stack a portfolio with bonds and money. Income Statement Cash from net wages |43220 | |Cash paid for: | |Income duties and conclusions |-8164 | |Mortgage |-7617 | |Food |-9600 | |Car costs |-7000 | |Clothing |-1800 | |Cell telephone |-1560 | |Internet and digital TV |-1272 | Balance Sheet |Assets Liabilities | |Car $6,183|Student Loan $10,000 | |Savings $600 | |Total $6,783|Total $10,000 | |Net Worth ($3,217) | Personal Monthly Budget |Projected Monthly Income |$1,667. 28 | |Actual Monthly Income |$2,684. 00 | Housing |Housing |Projected Cost |Actual |Difference | |Mortgage |$934. 72 |$934. 2 |0 | |Phone |$130. 00 |$159. 00 |-29 | |Electric |$212. 00 |$212. 00 |0 | |Cable |$84. 00 |$84. 00 |0 | Start sparing, continue sparing, and adhere to your objectives Contribute to your employer’s retirement reserve funds plan Learn about your employer’s benefits plan Don’t contact your retirement investment funds Ask your boss to begin an arrangement Put cash into an Individual Retirement Account Find out about your Social Security benefits Time estimation of cash impacts this piece of the arrangement in light of the fact that the more extended cash is spared, the more it will be worth when an individual resigns. At the point when you set aside or put away cash, it will be worth more since it will pick up enthusiasm by contributing it. The previous an individual puts away or sets aside cash, the more extended that the measure of cash has the opportunity to pick up premium and increment in esteem. Works Cited https://ww3. janus. com/Janus/Retail/StaticPage? jsp=jsp/Common/JanusReportHTML. jspassetname=JanusReportThroughYears â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ | Step by step instructions to refer to Personal Financial Plan, Papers

Friday, August 21, 2020

How to Save Money on Plane Tickets and Air Travel

How to Save Money on Plane Tickets and Air Travel How to Save Money on Plane Tickets and Air Travel How to Save Money on Plane Tickets and Air TravelShopping around for cheap plane tickets is only step one as many discount flights have extra hidden costs that can jack up your total bill.When you’re going on a vacation, the last thing you want is for that trip to drive you into debtâ€"possibly forcing you to take out a bad credit loan (especially a short-term payday loan or cash advance) to cover future costs.While that means planning ahead and budgeting for your trip, it also means saving as much money as you can on travel costs. And if you’re flying, that means finding the cheapest tickets possible.On that front, we’ve got some good news and some bad news.“Todays travelers expect to score low-cost plane tickets whenever and wherever they fly. Budget carriers willingly offer more routes around the world with the lowest prices,” said former travel agent and child passenger safety expert Grainne Kelly. We can also compare the prices of flights with the many different websit es available to travelers. With a discounted flight, we assume there will be fewer perks and passenger services, and we’re typically fine with that for the reduced fare.”But all is not peachy keen in the world of budget traveling. As Kelly went on to explain, hidden fees and added costs can easily erase many of the hard-won savings that one has earned by shopping around.Finding inexpensive tickets is the first stepâ€"and we’ve included many tips in this article to help you sniff them out. But once you’ve booked your flight, you’ll have to keep an eye out for additional ways to save. Otherwise, you’ll find yourself back at square one.Book early.“When should people book tickets for travel? Dont wait!” said Scott Wainner (@scottwww), founder CEO the travel search engine (and app) Fareness.com  (@fareness). In general, the longer you wait to book, the more expensive the airfare will be. Try to plan in advance and snag plane tickets as soon as you can.”Be flexible.“T ry to be open-minded when booking travel and dont get attached to one specific travel date and location,” said Wainner. “Look around at prices, and then determine when and where you might want to travel to.”In this regard, sites like Fareness can be a useful tool for consumers, as they provide an easy way to compare ticket prices across different airlines and travel days.The more flexible you are on your dates, your connections, and your departure times, the better able you’ll be to find your cheapest option.Try to get a  bag checked for free.Checking bags is going to cost you extra, especially on a discounted flight. But Kelly disclosed this helpful tip to try and get around paying that additional (often hefty) fee.“If you have a larger carry-on and later decide after you go through security that you would rather check it, try to get it checked for free at the gate,” she advised.“Wait until everyone else boards the flight with their carry-ons, as the plane will likely run out of room for bags and the attendant will then check your carry-on suitcase for free for you.”“Always ask at the gate if there is room or if they should check your bag, as they are usually happy to check it. It makes it easier for them to ensure everything else fits in-cabin storage.”Watch out for hidden taxes.Whenever you’re making any large purchase, you should doublecheck that the price stated doesn’t include any hidden costsâ€"including taxes. The same holds true for airline tickets.“It’s never fun to realize the quoted online price does not include taxes until after you hit the purchase button,” said Kelly. “Taxes can tack on several hundred dollars, resulting in your ‘discounted’ ticket not being as discounted as you assumed.”Are some days better than others?This is one of the areas where there was a bit of a disagreement between Kelly and Wainner.“The best time to buy domestic airfare is on Tuesdays around lunchtime,” said Kelly, citing the fact that airline sales typically only last three days or less and tend to publish on Tuesdays. “Also,” she added, “the best days to travel are Tuesday, Wednesday, and Saturday.”While Tuesday has a reputation for being the best (aka, the cheapest) day to fly, Wainner disagreed with this assumption. “There really isnt one day that is best to book,” he said. “Prices tend to fluctuate so its important to search with enough time to get the best deal.”Wainner went on to describe how Fareness was designed to make comparing dates easier:“We are the first and only site that enables consumers to select a specific city or an entire destination category along with a wide range of dates for travel to see the lowest prices trip options with a single and quick search,” he said.Travel in the off-season.If you’re flying at a time of year when everyone else is looking to travel, you’re probably going to end up paying more. Luckily, the reverse is also true.“Travel in the of f-season, as you can get better deals for flights and hotels. Excursions and local sites also offer cheaper prices,” said Kelly. “Another perk is that you don’t have to fight as many tourists and can experience a private beach or more entertainment options.”As for flying on a holiday, Wainner said that this wouldn’t always mean snagging a cheaper flight, but that it was certainly worth checking. And even when you’re open to flying on a holiday, he stressed the importance of checking the surrounding dates to ensure you find the cheapest fare.Prepare for a longer route.If you’re trying to save money on a flight, you might find yourself faced with a choice between picking the cheaper flight or the shorter one.“Many discounted flights include at least one layover, sometimes two, depending on the destination,” said Kelly. “So it will take longer to get to your endpoint and may include layovers that are lengthy.But for those travelers looking to save money, a layover m ight be well worth it! And if they’re willing to get up in the dead of night to make it to the airport, even better! According to Kelly, many discounted flights are offered at off-peak times, which means that they depart early in the morning or very late at nightâ€"sometimes both.Always read the fine print.  Similar to keeping an eye out for added taxes, savers should carefully read the fine print and the terms and conditions to sniff out additional fees or costs.“There could be charges for baggage, carry-ons, dimensions/weight of your baggage, snacks/meals, and more,” said Kelly. Be prepared ahead of time so you’re not hit with sticker shock at the airport. This is how the airlines make up for missing revenue.”She went on to cite a rather innovative new way that airlines are starting to smuggle in extra costs. Luckily, this is one fee that’s easy to avoid.“Some airlines now charge to print boarding passes at the airport,” she said. “Save yourself the fees and pri nt them at home.Confirm every letter is correct and reconfirm the travel dates,” she continued. “Changing even the smallest item can result in an additional charge.”Lay the groundwork for upgrades.Wouldn’t you love to fly in first class without having to pay first-class prices? If there are available first-class upgrades offered at the gate, you might well be able to!There are a couple of things you can do to maximize your chances at scoring one. The first is a long-term bet, while the second is something you can do the day of.“Whats your best advice for scoring a free upgrade on a flight? Be loyal,” advised Wanner. “Try to pick an airline and stick with it. The best way to score upgrades is to be a loyal flier and one with a lot of miles. So if you stick with one airline as much as possible, you have a better shot at the upgrade.”Kelly, meanwhile, suggested that you’ll better your chance of moving to first-class by dressing the part. “Poise yourself for an upgra de by dressing in business casual, she said. If your flight is oversold, you could potentially get upgraded to first-class, but your attire will play a part in the airline’s decision.”She also mentioned one thing that you definitely shouldn’t do: “Avoid asking for an upgrade at the ticket counter, as service staff are bombarded with upgrade requests and this might actually hurt your chances.”Seat assignments not guaranteed.If you’re not particular about where you sit, you’ll have an easier time finding cheap fares.“Most discount carriers do not offer seat assignments, but rather operate on a first come, first serve basis,” explained Kelly. “So plan to be at the gate early to queue up for a decent seat next to your family or travel companion.”Keep an open mind.“Check nearby airports, ones that you might not normally fly out of, as prices might be cheaper,” advised Wainner. “Ive been known to save $500 just by flying into a different airport!”$500 in exch ange driving an extra hour or two to another airport? Worth it!Bring some snacks.  â€œMost discounted carriers no longer include meals in their flights and expect you to pay for them onboard. The standard soft drink and bag of pretzels will most likely not be included either,” said Kelly.“Plan ahead and pack yourself plenty of snacks and other food to tide you over until you reach your destination. Remember that you can’t bring liquids through security, so you’ll need to purchase them near your gate or onboard the flight.”Remember: Saving money on air travel starts with finding cheap tickets, but it doesn’t end until you walk off that final flight. To learn more about saving money on travel-related costs, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Cheapest Ways to Travel, Part One: The JourneyCheapest Ways to Travel, Part Two: The DestinationHow to Save Money on Holiday Travel8 Handy Tips for Road Tripping on the CheapDo you have a   personal finance questio n youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsGrainne  Kelly  is a former  travel  agent and  mom  of two who revolutionized the child  travel  industry by inventing  BubbleBum: The worlds  first  portable, inflatable car booster seat that weighs less than one pound and can deflate in seconds, making it simple to throw in a backpack or tote bag. It’s ideal for everyday rides and carpooling as well as road  trips, fly-ins with car  rental, taxis, Uber/Lyft rides. Its compact design allows for three across the back. BubbleBum  is the 8x winner of the IIHS Best Bet for Car Booster Safety award.Scott  Wainner  (@scottwww)  is a serial entrepreneur with a 20-year track record of creating successful companies. At age 16, he built a hardware reviews site called SysOpt, and later sold it for $4M at age 21. He then created a business called ResellerRatings to help consumers shop safely online, which reached $6M/year in revenue and had 2,000 online retail customers.  Wainner  sold ResellerRatings to Answers.com in 2012 for $34M as the sole shareholder with no debt. Passionate about travel from an early age,  Wainner  conceived the idea for his next venture based on his own personal frustration to find the best fares.   In planning all of that travel, he became frustrated with just how hard it is to find and compare airfares, and how many hours and days it takes to search for the many destination and date combinations needed to find the best fares.  Fareness.com  (@fareness)  was launched in September 2016 as a solution to this problem, revealing fares across hundreds of dates and global destinations at a glance.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Poor Housing An Ideal Living Situation - 1749 Words

Poor housing : Living in damp and cold houses can increase chances of being ill, this will affect them physically and mentally. If they are ill they may miss a lot of time off school this will affect their education and in the long term their life chances. The spores that fester in this environment can be toxic and harmful to children, and for your lungs and respiratory system. High rise flats could be a problem because they don t have a garden and this will affect the child s health, they are not getting the exercise they need or fresh air. Temporary accommodation like a bed and breakfast or a caravan site, may not be suitable for children, because there will be a variety of different people (people with addictions, mental illnesses etc.) and lots of different and strange noises that children may not be used to, for example busy streets, other people arguing etc. This can affect the child s sleep pattern and generally its not an ideal living situation. Temporary accommodation is ca n also be a problem as in order to reach their full potential children need some stability in their lives and if they are moving around a lot they won t be able to build many relationships and may find it hard to make friends. Being taken away from your friends/family, can have a big impact on mental health and could make the child very stressed and unhappy. On the other side if you Live in a detached house with a garden where the child can run around and play in a local park where there is aShow MoreRelatedThe Lack Of Affordable Housing1354 Words   |  6 PagesThe lack of affordable housing in the United States is a problem that doesn t receive nearly the attention that it necessitates. This absence of affordable housing became especially prevalent following World War II when suburbanization spread across the country like wildfire. Although the sheer number of homes increased, Jim Crow segregation influenced housing policy, meaning that white institutions prevented blacks from ob taining the mortgages needed to afford such homes. Therefore, rather thanRead MoreThe Policy Of Assimilation Of Aboriginal People1265 Words   |  6 PagesFederal and State Ministers. The meaning of the policy was defined by these terms â€Å"The policy of assimilation means in the view of all Australian governments that all aborigines and part-aborigines are expected eventually to attain the same manner of living as other Australians and to live as members of a single Australian community enjoying the same rights and privileges, accepting the same responsibilities, observing the same customs and influenced by the same beliefs, hopes and loyalties as otherRead MoreExtended Credit Facility Programs675 Words   |  3 Pagespoverty reduction strategy document requirements. ECF aims to move countries toward stable macroeconomic growth and reduce poverty. ECF programs last three to five years with zero interest and high flexibility on repayment. As a result, this program is ideal for countries with severe balance of payments issues. Since the end of the Guatemalan Civil War, Guatemala has recovered from its extreme balance of payments deficit and is experiencing a growing economy through increased exports and production.Read MoreMedical Model Of Health : A Balanced Diet And Working Out Or Is It Being The Correct Bmi?1526 Words   |  7 Pagesnational statistics, 2014) In an ideal world, the whole population would all have nice homes, a good income and equal opportunities: unfortunately, this is not the case. Many non-biological factors can affect a person’s physical and mental wellbeing. Factors such as social status, housing, income level and education are major contributors to a person’s health. Although every child is offered an equal education, the child may not have an equal standard of living. If a child has an over- crowdedRead MoreThe Global Challenge1727 Words   |  7 Pagesfalling victim to exclusionary displacement, economic vulnerability and helplessness. The impacts of the commonwealth games improved the international image of Glasgow and the benefits accumulated with the state and the richer citizens, whilst the poor were left displaced and unsuccessful citizens (Paton, 2012). Displacement was a negative defining feature of the sporting event and a tool used in the urban regeneration of Glasgow, especially the East End. The state of necessity was usedRead MorePoverty Is Not A Lack Of Character1457 Words   |  6 Pageshousehold of one is $11, 770 and you add $4,160 for every additional person. ‘Individuals, families and groups in the population can be said to be in poverty when they lack resources to obtain the type of diet, participate in the activities and have the living conditions and amenities which are customary, or at least widely encouraged and approved, in the societies in which they belong.’ — Peter Townsend Social Service Delivery System When it comes to poverty, there are many social services provided forRead MoreThe Crime Of Brazil And Brazil1698 Words   |  7 PagesBrazil has some of the most violent cities in the world. The murder rate in Brazil has been going through the roof each year. Some cities have a murder rate of 50 per 50,000 people. Most murder victims are usually male, poor and teenagers. Most of these crimes take place in the infamous favelas of Brazil. Murder is not the only crime leaking in the shallow streets of the favelas. High-profile rape cases, kidnapping, drugs, and weapons dealing in the favelas are the common headlines in Brazil (GriffinRead MoreThe Challenges Of The Informal Sector1549 Words   |  7 Pagesand press for its general acceptance Sewa is works in tandem with this ideal itself. This can be witnessed through the proposition that it rejected the more conventional terms informal and unorganized labour; its members called themselves self-employed. The acronym SEWA itself meaning service it began with a survey of its members situation: 97% lived in slums, 93% were illiterate, and, on average, each had four living children. About one third were the principal wage earners in their familiesRead MoreEthnology. The Story Of Colonized People Has A Similar1380 Words   |  6 Pages Ethnology The story of colonized people has a similar tone in many parts of the world, but the situation with the colonization of Australia is very similar to the story of the colonization of North America by the Europeans. Both of these cases share similar issues and outcomes. First off, both groups are typically generalized as one group - in this case, the Aborigines and the Native Americans. However, these groups are made up of many smaller clans or tribes that each had a unique language andRead MorePlato s Allegory Of The Cave Essay1370 Words   |  6 Pagesshadows that the fire produced on the walls, but now he is experiencing a different reality to his prior perspective of the shadows being reality. He becomes frightened than confused because he does not feel comfortable with the situation that he has known since living within the cave. The prisoner will go back to the cave to attempt to explain the newly discovered world to the prisoners that are still imprisoned within the cave. Th e prisoners will distinguish the enlightened prisoner as foolish

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

For This Assignment, The Author Interviewed An Elderly

For this assignment, the author interviewed an elderly woman who is roughly in her early eighties. Discussion occurred over the phone as Irene lives a relatively far distance from Denver, CO. The first conversation went over well and she was very open to discussing her life further. The author became confident enough to ask more personal questions later in the conversation. The elderly woman agreed to a second interview to continue patient education which will be discussed in detail. For this paper, the individual will be referred to as Irene, so that her privacy is protected. This paper acts as an organizational tool to detail the process and considerations taken, including therapeutic communication skills, to provide Irene with a†¦show more content†¦Irene also replied that aging meant you had a chance to live out your life, something her parents could not do. Therefore, she feels blessed; however, this does not mean she is not afraid of the disabilities or loss of freedom that can come with aging. Therapeutic Communication Techniques Therapeutic communication techniques were used in obtaining information from Irene during the interview. A technique used was asking open-ended questions before proceeding with more specific ones. Questions encouraged Irene to discuss details on her own terms without being limited to one-worded responses (Taylor, Lillis Lynn, 2015). By starting with general open-ended questions, the author gained an understanding of Irene’s current level of consciousness while building a relationship between the two parties (Weber Farrell, 2016). A second skill used was restating information given to the author by Irene. By repeating information, the author was listening intently and understood what was said; therefore, the author shows that they are invested in speaking with Irene (Knapp, 2014). Restating the response also allowed Irene to continue her answer, for example when Irene stated â€Å"I can’t sleep. I stay awake all night† the au thor restated the response to which Irene explained further. This is beneficial as more information canShow MoreRelatedComplementary And Alternative Methods Of A Family Member And Compile A Case File1138 Words   |  5 Pagesphysical, a mental, an emotional and a spiritual. Most of us tend to live in one room most of the time but unless we go into every room every day, even if only to keep it aired, we are not a complete person.† ~Rumer Godden Case File For this assignment, I chose to interview a family member and compile a case file. ï‚ § Initials: ALV ï‚ § Age: 83 years old, Hispanic female ï‚ § Health status (past and present): Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Hypothyroid, CHF ï‚ § Present concerns: Blood glucose levelsRead MoreElderly Abuse and Neglect in Nursing Homes Essay2380 Words   |  10 PagesElderly Abuse and Neglect in Nursing Homes Debra K. Showers Kaplan University Elderly Abuse and Neglect in Nursing Homes Are nursing homes abusing and neglecting the elderly? The elderly are abused and neglected in society today by caregivers in nursing homes. Elder abuse or neglect is a single or repeated action occurring within any relationship where there is an overlook of trust which causes injury or distress to an olderRead MoreInterview (Aging) Essay example2207 Words   |  9 Pagesand instead offer to help as much as I can. Originated from my respect upon them, I decided to interview an elderly gentleman about the observations and opinions on his experiences with ageism and ageist stereotypes. I interviewed this one particular person who wanted himself to be acknowledged as John Evans. We were so glad that he was more than willing to help us get through this assignment and really appreciate him for sparing his free time telling us his life story. First of all, we began byRead MorePresentation Of New Information Based On Current Research1882 Words   |  8 Pagesindividuals. This is done by the dissemination of information that may have been previously forgotten, and/or with the presentation of new information based on current research. Both sessions required for this paper occurred at the individual’s home, which he has lived in for well-over 60 years. The environment was clean, warm, and very-inviting, and my initial impressions were very good. The individual was excited about the interview, as he is a very social person and loves to be around people. This paperRead MoreWho Are You Calling Old? Negotiating Old Age Identity in the Elderly Consumption Ensemble Michelle Barnhart Àà º Lisa Penaloza18943 Words   |  76 PagesWho Are You Calling Old? Negotiating Old Age Identity in the Elderly Consumption Ensemble MICHELLE BARNHART ËÅ" LISA PENALOZA As the elderly population increases, more family, friends, and paid service providers assist them with consumption activities in a group that the authors conceptualize as the elderly consumption ensemble (ECE). Interviews with members of eight ECEs demonstrate consumption in advanced age as a group phenomenon rather than an individual one, provide an account of how the practicesRead MoreDisasters Throughout My High School And Undergraduate Career4491 Words   |  18 Pages Disasters Journal Assignment Josephine Heil West Chester University SWG 577 Monday, August 3rd, 2015 The first day of class was very emotional and powerful. Prior to signing up for a social work in disasters course, I reflected on how little I learned about disasters throughout my high school and undergraduate career. I was unaware of the political and race aspects from the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. I am also extremely overwhelmed by the devastation and emptiness from theRead MoreSociology Essay20437 Words   |  82 Pages Any person who commits any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. Published in 2010 by: Nelson Thornes Distance Learning Delta Place 27 Bath Road CHELTENHAM GL53 7TH United Kingdom 10 11 12 13 14 15 / 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Page make-up by diacriTech, Chennai, India Printed and bound in Great Britain by Berforts Group Acknowledgements The authors and publishers wish to thank the following for permission toRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography: Plagiarism39529 Words   |  158 Pagessubsequent work. It is quite likely that, in order to make the argument for the paper, you will need to quote from the work of others. However, you must make it quite clear that is what you are doing and you must give proper recognition to the original author (identifying the quotations and referencing the paper appropriately). There are three types of plagiarism. Unattributed copying from the work of others; Unattributed copying from work that you have published in the past; Patch-writing whereRead More111135197X 38570 Essay example17696 Words   |  71 Pagesto realize that I had to change the way I was studying. I decided to put myself on a strict schedule and to go to the library every day after dinner. I continued to follow this plan until the end of the semester. Even now, I still cannot believe how well I did on my final. I received a B on the final and a C for the semester. This is what I think happened: When I reviewed all the materials systematically, I was able to understand principles of chemistry that I did not understand before. Post-test:Read MoreHuman Resource Management Issues : Hrm10474 Words   |  42 PagesResource Management which can make the effective use of human resource in order to enhance organizational performance and as a strategic business partner, human resources management can justify adequate funding for human resources activities. This assignment aims to investigate different human resource management issues. It will also provide us a clear view about the role and importance of HRM in achieving organisational effectiveness. It discusses about the formulation and implementation of HR strategies

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Ethical Dilemma in Construction Industry for Ethical Practices

Question: Discuss about theEthical Dilemma in Construction Industry for Ethical Practices. Answer: Introduction Ethics says that a wrong thing can never be done in a right way. In the industrial world, an unethical practice has always ended up in a courtroom. One of the biggest scam on ethics happened with Enron in America in the last decade, for which the company ceased to exist. The construction industry in the world is also affected by unethical practices (Chalker and Loosemore 2016). A new study on the Survey of Construction Industry Ethical Practices has been found that, the people in this industry consider the unauthorized use of supplies and equipment, and improper reporting of the actual cost as the unethical practices (Parson 2014). The following report addresses the ethical dilemma in construction industry and its solutions. Ethical problems in construction industry The problem of ethics in the construction industry can exist in any step of the businesses, starting from bidding for a project to manage the supplies to delivering a final project. To maintain the loyal customers and the ability to gain and retain the customers is heavily dependent on the ethical practices by the company. The degree of integrity and trustworthiness in conducting business measures the ethical behavior of any construction company. Payment and bidding are two practices where the maximum instances of unethical behavior of the company occur (Abdul-Rahman, Hanid and Yap 2014). A construction project starts with either negotiation or open bidding for a project. In the government funded projects, there is always open bidding for it. During bidding, the constructors must estimate the cost of it, add the indirect costs and expected profit, and present a final expected cost. In this process, a company might get involved in unethical practices, such as, manipulating the cost to get the project. Sometimes two or more companies come together and determine the price to be asked. This eliminates the fair chance of others to win the job. In the bid shopping, a contractor takes the estimated bid from the subcontractor and suppliers and present in during the auction (Shapiro and Stefkovich 2016). Another highly unethical practice is that, many times, a contractor shows the bid of one subcontractor to the other in order to get a lower bid. It forces a subcontractor illegally out of the process. When this is found out, a contractor loses the trusts of the industry (Kelly 2014). Sometimes, in a bidding conference, one contractor may be able to see the bid of another due to poor quality of the specs. He then lowers its price to an unavoidable level and gets the job. Later on, he asks more money as extras. This practice is highly disregarded in the construction industry and the trustworthiness of the contractor gets lost (Wang 2013). Again, sometimes a construction company manages to get some inside information that helps it get an advantage in the bidding area. This is called smart bidding. In this the company knows something better than the competitors and gains the benefits of that. However, if the company gets the information from any insider, then it is an unethical practice to rule out other companies and this practice is considered as highly unethical. In this context, the above mentioned survey has found out that, 61% of the people believe that the cost of the projects gets affected due to unethical practices. It is also found that 58% people agreed that in the meetings, the discussion on ethics never come up. This seems to be the possible major cause of this problem. The survey has also found out that, 94% people consider the divulgence of solicited bids to gain advantage as unethical. However, the competition in this industry and the existence of bad practices force the companies to be in position, where they think about adopting this practice. However, according to James Gill, Jr., a lawyer and professor of construction law and ethics at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, the ethical practices in the bid shopping have different perspectives. What an owner finds ethical, might be unethical for the subcontractors (Parson 2014). During a house shopping, the customers always tend to go for the best prices; however, they are not concerned about the process of price determination. The suppliers also expect the customers to look around but the subcontractors do not want them to divulge their prices to other subcontractors (Chalker and Loosemore 2016). Solutions The construction companies should always follow the Code of Ethical Conduct of the industry. This code covers topics like policy statement, definitions, and standards of conduct on various aspects, such employment, safety, non discrimination, environment, antitrust policies etc. The antitrust policies include code of conduct on price fixing, bid rigging, claims, market division etc. (Neuman and Robson 2014) The people in this industry, i.e. owners, construction managers, general contractor, subcontractor, supplier and employees, all should follow the code of ethical conduct in the business. The penalties should be made more strict to discourage people to adopt the unethical practices. The ethical consideration is a relative subject. The principles of people direct the sense of ethics in life and business. Hence, the understanding of ethical practices differs. However, the companies should follow the general rules of ethics. They should maintain honesty and integrity, try to retain th e customers by maintaining fair practices, do not get involve in getting the inside information to gain an advantage during bidding and should refrain from indulging in any other unfair practices, which gets other contractors out of the bidding game. It would help the companies to maintain their trustworthiness in the industry and among the customers, which is beneficial in the long run for the business (Shin et al. 2015). Conclusion It can be concluded that, the construction industry has been affected by unfair practices for a long time. The rivalry in the industry is high and maintaining fair practices has lowered the profits of the construction companies. The need to survive in the industry and greed for profit has pushed the companies to adopt the unethical practices. However, to gain and maintain trusts and benefit in the long run, the companies should stay away from adopting the unethical practices. 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